Dos casos de alergia de contacto a octocrileno en niños / Contact Allergy to Octocrylene in Children: A Report of 2 Cases

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Nevus melanocítico congénito subungueal y periungueal / Congenital Subungual and Periungual Melanocytic Nevus

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Factores de riesgo para el desarrollo de metástasis cutáneas locorregionales como forma única de recaída en los pacientes con melanoma / Risk Factors for the Development of Locoregional Cutaneous Metastases as the Sole Form of Recurrence in Patients With Melanoma

Introducción: Las metástasis cutáneas locorregionales (en tránsito y satelitosis) constituyen un evento poco estudiado en la progresión del melanoma, con diferencias patogénicas y pronósticas respecto a otras formas de recaída locorregional. Conocer las variables predictivas de este evento sería de gran utilidad en su prevención, diagnóstico precoz y tratamiento. El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar los posibles factores de riesgo asociados a la aparición de metástasis cutáneas locorregionales como primera forma de recaída en la progresión metastásica del melanoma. Material y métodos: Entre 2000 y 2010, los datos de 1.327 pacientes diagnosticados de melanoma en estadios I y II fueron recogidos de forma prospectiva en nuestras consultas. Durante el seguimiento, un total de 112 (8,4%) pacientes sufrió progresión metastásica de su enfermedad. De ellos, 36 pacientes presentaron metástasis cutáneas locorregionales no concurrentes con otras formas de recurrencia. Las características clínicas e histológicas de este subgrupo fueron evaluadas. Resultados: En el análisis univariante, los factores predictivos significativos fueron la edad del paciente, el espesor del tumor primario, la localización, la ulceración, el índice mitósico y el tipo histológico. Después del análisis multivariante, se mantuvieron como factores de riesgo independientes el espesor (razón de riesgo [RR] 5,6 e IC 95%: 2,7-11,5), la localización del tumor primario en miembros inferiores (RR 3,4 e IC 95%: 1,0-11,5), en cabeza/cuello (RR 4,8 e IC 95%: 1,7-13,5) y en zonas acrales (RR 6,7 e IC 95%: 2,2-20,8). Conclusión: Los pacientes con melanomas de más de 2mm de Breslow, localizados en miembros inferiores, cabeza/cuello y zonas acrales tienen un mayor riesgo de padecer metástasis cutáneas locorregionales. Estos datos podrían ser útiles en el diseño de futuras guías para el seguimiento y manejo del melanoma (AU)

Background: While locoregional cutaneous metastases (in transit and satellite) in melanoma have received little attention from researchers to date, they have pathogenic and prognostic features that distinguish them from other forms of locoregional recurrence. Identifying predictors of these metastases would be of great value for their prevention, early diagnosis, and treatment. The aim of this study was to identify the risk factors associated with locoregional cutaneous metastases as the first form of recurrence in the metastatic progression of melanoma. Material and methods: Between 2000 and 2010, we prospectively collected the data of 1327 patients diagnosed with stage I and II melanoma. During follow up, 112 patients (8.4%) developed metastases. Of these, 36 had exclusively locoregional cutaneous metastases. The clinical and histological characteristics of this subgroup were evaluated. Results: In the univariate analysis, significant predictors were patient age, primary tumor thickness, site, ulceration, mitotic index, and histological type. After multivariate analysis, the independent risk factors were tumor thickness (risk ratio [RR] 5.6; 95% CI: 2.7-11.5) and the location of the primary tumor on the lower limbs (RR 3.4; 95% CI: 1.0-11.5), on the head or neck (RR 4.8; 95% IC: 1.7-13.5), or in acral sites (RR 6.7; 95% IC: 2.2-20.8). Conclusion: Patients who have melanomas with a Breslow thickness of more than 2 mm located on the lower limbs, head, neck, or acral sites have a higher risk of developing locoregional cutaneous metastases. These findings could be useful in the design of future guidelines for the monitoring and management of melanoma (AU)

Melanosis pustulosa transitoria del recién nacido / Transient Neonatal Pustular Melanosis

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Risk factors for the development of locoregional cutaneous metastases as the sole form of recurrence in patients with melanoma.

BACKGROUND: While locoregional cutaneous metastases (in transit and satellite) in melanoma have received little attention from researchers to date, they have pathogenic and prognostic features that distinguish them from other forms of locoregional recurrence. Identifying predictors of these metastases would be of great value for their prevention, early diagnosis, and treatment. The aim of this study was to identify the risk factors associated with locoregional cutaneous metastases as the first form of recurrence in the metastatic progression of melanoma. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Between 2000 and 2010, we prospectively collected the data of 1327 patients diagnosed with stage I and II melanoma. During follow up, 112 patients (8.4%) developed metastases. Of these, 36 had exclusively locoregional cutaneous metastases. The clinical and histological characteristics of this subgroup were evaluated. RESULTS: In the univariate analysis, significant predictors were patient age, primary tumor thickness, site, ulceration, mitotic index, and histological type. After multivariate analysis, the independent risk factors were tumor thickness (risk ratio [RR] 5.6; 95% CI: 2.7-11.5) and the location of the primary tumor on the lower limbs (RR 3.4; 95% CI: 1.0-11.5), on the head or neck (RR 4.8; 95% IC: 1.7-13.5), or in acral sites (RR 6.7; 95% IC: 2.2-20.8). CONCLUSION: Patients who have melanomas with a Breslow thickness of more than 2mm located on the lower limbs, head, neck, or acral sites have a higher risk of developing locoregional cutaneous metastases. These findings could be useful in the design of future guidelines for the monitoring and management of melanoma.

Mitotic rate and subcutaneous involvement are prognostic factors for survival after recurrence in patients with only locoregional skin metastasis as the first site of recurrence from cutaneous melanoma.

BACKGROUND: Few reports on literature give detailed figures on prognostic factors of locoregional skin recurrence in cutaneous melanoma. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate clinical and histological prognostic factors following development of locoregional cutaneous metastasis as the only progression site from melanoma. METHODS: Data from 1327 stage I and II melanoma patients who visited Instituto Valenciano de Oncología and Consorcio Hospital General Universitario de Valencia from 2000 to 2010 were documented in a prospective manner. During follow up, 112 (8.4%) of them developed recurrent disease. A retrospective analysis revealed a subset of 36 patients with locoregional cutaneous metastases as a first event. RESULTS: Significant prognostic factors in the univariate analysis were Breslow thickness, tumor mitotic rate and the presence subcutaneous involvement of the skin metastasis. After multivariate analysis the independent predictive factors for survival after recurrence were tumor mitotic rate (hazard ratio [HR]: 8.6; 95% CI: 1.0-77.2) and subcutaneous involvement of the skin metastasis (HR: 4.3; 95% CI: 1.0-18.5). CONCLUSION: The survival after recurrence of melanoma patients that has relapsed with only locoregional cutaneous metastasis depends on the mitotic rate of the primary tumor and the subcutaneous involvement of the metastasis.

Sarcoma de Kaposi a tipo linfangioma / Lymphangioma-Like Kaposi Sarcoma

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Nevus lentiginoso atípico. Estudio clínico-patológico de 14 casos / Atypical Lentiginous Nevus: A Clinical and Histopathologic Study of 14 Cases

Introducción: El nevus lentiginoso atípico (NLA) del anciano es una forma peculiar de nevus displásico, que clínicamente puede simular un melanoma maligno, y que histológicamente presenta un patrón lentiginoso con grados variables de atipia en ausencia de nidos dérmicos, que puede sugerir erróneamente el diagnóstico de lentigo melanoma o melanoma lentiginoso. Material y métodos: Hemos recogido 14 casos de nevus melanocítico lentiginoso atípico diagnosticados entre diciembre de 2007 y marzo de 2009 en el Servicio de Dermatología del Hospital General de Valencia. Hemos estudiado sus características clínicas e histopatológicas tras la tinción de las piezas con hematoxilina-eosina, melan-A y Ki67 y las hemos comparado con los datos publicados en la literatura. Resultados: Entre los datos clínicos, el 28% eran menores de 50 años, con una relación entre sexos de 1:1. La mayoría de las lesiones sugerían clínicamente un nevus atípico (8/14) y todas aparecieron en la espalda. Todos los casos presentaron hiperplasia epidérmica lentiginosa irregular, con proliferación de células melanocíticas individuales, limitadas a la membrana basal, en ausencia de nidos dérmicos; solo 4/14 tenían también ascenso epidérmico focal. Todos presentaron atipia citológica (en un 85% de los casos moderada). El índice de proliferación, valorado mediante la tinción con Ki67, fue bajo (<5%) en todos los casos estudiados. Conclusión: Los NLA son lesiones que pueden simular clínica e histológicamente un melanoma, y que se encuentran en el grupo de las lesiones pigmentadas atípicas con patrón lentiginoso: tanto en nuestra serie como en las series previamente publicadas, los hallazgos histológicos y evolución clínica de estos pacientes orientan hacia el diagnóstico de nevus displásico. Actualmente todos los pacientes estudiados están sanos y sin recidivas después de un seguimiento mínimo de 18 meses (AU)

Background: Atypical lentiginous nevus (of the elderly) is a peculiar form of dysplastic nevus. Clinically, this condition can resemble malignant melanoma and histologically, it has a lentiginous pattern with variable degrees of atypia and an absence of dermal nests. These features may lead to an erroneous diagnosis of lentigo maligna melanoma or lentiginous melanoma. Material and methods: We reviewed 14 cases of atypical lentiginous nevus diagnosed at the dermatology department of Hospital General de Valencia in Valencia, Spain between December 2007 and March 2009. We studied the clinical and histopathologic features of the lesions after hematoxylin-eosin, Melan-A, and Ki-67 staining and compared our results to data reported in the literature. Results: Four (28%) of the 14 patients (7 men, 7 women) were under 50 years of age. Clinically, most of the lesions (8/14) resembled atypical nevi and they were all located on the back. Histologically, they all had irregular lentiginous epidermal hyperplasia, with a proliferation of individual melanocytes only in the basal layer of the epidermis and an absence of dermal nests. Focal upward migration of melanocytes into the epidermis was present in just 4 cases. All the lesions had cellular atypia, which was moderate in 85% of cases. The Ki-67 proliferation index was low (<5%) in all the lesions analyzed. Conclusions: Atypical lentiginous nevi, which can be classified as atypical pigmented lesions with a lentiginous pattern, may clinically and histologically resemble melanoma. Our findings support earlier reports that both clinical and histologic findings may suggest a diagnosis of dysplastic nevus. All of the patients in our series are healthy and free of recurrence after 18 months or longer (AU)

La utilidad del test de Tzanck para confirmar el diagnóstico de herpes cutáneo / Use of the Tzanck test for confirming the diagnosis of cutaneous herpes

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[Atypical lentiginous nevus: a clinical and histopathologic study of 14 cases]. / Nevus lentiginoso atípico. Estudio clínico-patológico de 14 casos.

BACKGROUND: Atypical lentiginous nevus (of the elderly) is a peculiar form of dysplastic nevus. Clinically, this condition can resemble malignant melanoma and histologically, it has a lentiginous pattern with variable degrees of atypia and an absence of dermal nests. These features may lead to an erroneous diagnosis of lentigo maligna melanoma or lentiginous melanoma. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We reviewed 14 cases of atypical lentiginous nevus diagnosed at the dermatology department of Hospital General de Valencia in Valencia, Spain between December 2007 and March 2009. We studied the clinical and histopathologic features of the lesions after hematoxylin-eosin, Melan-A, and Ki-67 staining and compared our results to data reported in the literature. RESULTS: Four (28%) of the 14 patients (7 men, 7 women) were under 50 years of age. Clinically, most of the lesions (8/14) resembled atypical nevi and they were all located on the back. Histologically, they all had irregular lentiginous epidermal hyperplasia, with a proliferation of individual melanocytes only in the basal layer of the epidermis and an absence of dermal nests. Focal upward migration of melanocytes into the epidermis was present in just 4 cases. All the lesions had cellular atypia, which was moderate in 85% of cases. The Ki-67 proliferation index was low (<5%) in all the lesions analyzed. CONCLUSIONS: Atypical lentiginous nevi, which can be classified as atypical pigmented lesions with a lentiginous pattern, may clinically and histologically resemble melanoma. Our findings support earlier reports that both clinical and histologic findings may suggest a diagnosis of dysplastic nevus. All of the patients in our series are healthy and free of recurrence after 18 months or longer.